SemVer utility

Parser, comparators, and range matcher for HL7v2-style numeric version strings.

What it does

Parses, compares, and matches HL7v2 versions like 2.5.1 or 2.3. Supports the =, <, <=, >, >= comparators and AND-combined ranges (">=2.0 <3.0"), plus helpers for sorting, increment, diff, and finding max/min versions that satisfy a range. Intentionally narrower than full semver: no prerelease, build metadata, wildcards, or ^/~ operators. Versions are capped at int32 and input lengths are bounded to protect against malformed input.

Install

npm install @glion/util-semver

Use

import {
  parse,
  clean,
  valid,
  compare,
  eq,
  gt,
  satisfies,
  sort,
  maxSatisfying,
  minSatisfying,
  increment,
  diff,
  Range,
} from "@glion/util-semver";

// Parse versions
parse("2.3"); // { major: 2, minor: 3, patch: 0 }
clean("2"); // "2.0.0"
valid("2.5.1"); // true

// Compare versions
compare("2.3.1", "2.4"); // -1
eq("2.5.0", "2.5"); // true
gt("2.5.1", "2.5.0"); // true

// Ranges
satisfies("2.5.1", ">=2.0 <3.0"); // true
satisfies("2.5.1", "2.5.1"); // true (exact match)

// Collection operations
sort(["2.5", "2.3.1", "2.10"]); // ["2.3.1", "2.5", "2.10"]
maxSatisfying(["2.3", "2.5", "3.0"], ">=2.0 <3.0"); // "2.5"
minSatisfying(["2.3", "2.5", "3.0"], ">=2.0 <3.0"); // "2.3"

// Manipulation
increment("2.5.1", "minor"); // "2.6.0"
diff("2.5.1", "2.6.0"); // "minor"

API

Parsing and validation

`parse(version: string): Hl7Version`

Parses a version string into a structured object.

parse("2.5.1"); // { major: 2, minor: 5, patch: 1 }
parse("2.3"); // { major: 2, minor: 3, patch: 0 }
parse("2"); // { major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 }

Throws VersionParseError if the format is invalid.

`clean(version: string): string`

Converts a version to canonical major.minor.patch format.

clean("2"); // "2.0.0"
clean("2.5"); // "2.5.0"
clean(" 2.5 "); // "2.5.0"

Throws VersionParseError if the format is invalid.

`valid(version: string): boolean`

Checks if a string is a valid version. Never throws.

valid("2.5.1"); // true
valid("2"); // true
valid("HELLO"); // false

Comparison

`compare(a, b): -1 | 0 | 1`

Compares two versions.

compare("2.3.1", "2.4"); // -1 (a < b)
compare("2.5.1", "2.5.1"); // 0  (a = b)
compare("2.6", "2.5.9"); // 1  (a > b)

Comparison operators

eq(a, b) — equal to
lt(a, b) — less than
lte(a, b) — less than or equal
gt(a, b) — greater than
gte(a, b) — greater than or equal

eq("2.5.0", "2.5"); // true
lt("2.3", "2.4"); // true
gte("2.5.1", "2.5"); // true

Range matching

`satisfies(version, range): boolean`

Checks if a version satisfies a range expression.

satisfies("2.5.1", ">=2.0 <3.0"); // true
satisfies("2.5.1", "2.5.1"); // true (exact match)
satisfies("2.5.1", ">=2.6"); // false

For repeated checks, use a Range object to avoid re-parsing:

const range = new Range(">=2.0 <3.0");
for (const version of versions) {
  if (satisfies(version, range)) {
    /* ... */
  }
}

`Range` class

Pre-parsed range for efficient reuse.

const range = new Range(">=2.0 <3.0");
range.test("2.5.1"); // true
range.test("3.0.0"); // false

// Works with all range functions
satisfies("2.5.1", range);
maxSatisfying(versions, range);
minSatisfying(versions, range);

Collection operations

`sort(versions: string[]): string[]`

Sorts versions in ascending order. Returns a new array; does not mutate.

sort(["2.5", "2.3.1", "2.10.0"]);
// ["2.3.1", "2.5", "2.10.0"]

`maxSatisfying(versions, range): string | null`

Finds the highest version that satisfies a range.

maxSatisfying(["2.3.0", "2.5.1", "3.0.0"], ">=2.0 <3.0"); // "2.5.1"
maxSatisfying(["2.3.0", "2.5.1"], ">=3.0"); // null

`minSatisfying(versions, range): string | null`

Finds the lowest version that satisfies a range.

minSatisfying(["2.3.0", "2.5.1", "3.0.0"], ">=2.0 <3.0"); // "2.3.0"

Version manipulation

`increment(version, release): string`

Increments a version component. Lower components reset to zero.

increment("2.5.1", "major"); // "3.0.0"
increment("2.5.1", "minor"); // "2.6.0"
increment("2.5.1", "patch"); // "2.5.2"

`diff(v1, v2): 'major' | 'minor' | 'patch' | null`

Determines which component differs between versions.

diff("2.5.1", "3.0.0"); // "major"
diff("2.5.1", "2.6.0"); // "minor"
diff("2.5.1", "2.5.2"); // "patch"
diff("2.5.1", "2.5.1"); // null

Errors

import { VersionParseError, RangeParseError } from "@glion/util-semver";

try {
  parse("INVALID");
} catch (e) {
  if (e instanceof VersionParseError) {
    console.log(e.input); // "INVALID"
    console.log(e.reason); // "expected format: major.minor.patch..."
  }
}

try {
  satisfies("2.5.1", "INVALID_RANGE");
} catch (e) {
  if (e instanceof RangeParseError) {
    console.log(e.token);
    console.log(e.reason);
  }
}

valid(version) never throws — returns false for invalid input.
parse(), clean(), compare(), satisfies(), etc. throw on invalid input.

Version comparison rules

Version format

Generic numeric versions: major[.minor][.patch].
Missing components default to 0: "2" → { major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 }.
Whitespace is trimmed: " 2.5.1 " → "2.5.1".
No prerelease or build metadata.
No wildcards, hyphen ranges, or ^/~ operators.

Range syntax

Operators:

= or omitted — exact match
< — less than
<= — less than or equal
> — greater than
>= — greater than or equal

Multiple comparators are space-separated with AND semantics — all must be satisfied:

"2.5.1"; // Exact match
">=2.0"; // Greater than or equal to 2.0
">=2.0 <3.0"; // Between 2.0 (inclusive) and 3.0 (exclusive)
">=2.3 <2.6 >2.4"; // Multiple AND conditions

Input limits

Versions are capped at 100 characters; ranges at 1000 characters. Longer inputs throw VersionParseError or RangeParseError.
Version components are capped at 2³¹−1; overflow throws VersionParseError.

SemVer utility

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